China customs cargo hold problems can quickly create storage, demurrage, missed delivery and contract-default costs for U.S. and European companies. When a shipment is inspected, detained or not released, the first task is to identify the actual legal or documentary
A China legal opinion for a foreign business converts defined facts, documents and Chinese law into a written conclusion that management, investors, lenders, auditors or counterparties can evaluate. It should state its assumptions, scope, legal sources, analysis, qualifications and practical
To settle a dispute with a Chinese company without litigation, first confirm the claim, evidence, decision makers and enforcement alternatives, then negotiate against a written settlement structure. Mediation or lawyer-led negotiation can save time and preserve a commercial relationship, but
A China legal consultation for a foreign company is most useful when the lawyer receives a clear timeline, the relevant contracts and corporate records, a defined business objective and the decisions that must be made. U.S. and European companies can
China sales contract quality inspection clauses determine whether an overseas buyer can prove nonconformity and obtain repair, replacement, refund or damages. A purchase order that says only “good quality” gives a U.S. or European buyer little operational guidance when the
Letter of credit vs T/T payment in China trade is one of the first risk questions for U.S. and European companies buying from or selling to a Chinese counterparty. The safest structure depends on bargaining power, counterparty credit, shipment timing,
FOB vs CIF vs EXW in a China contract is a risk allocation decision, not a shipping abbreviation exercise. For U.S. and European buyers sourcing from China, the selected Incoterms® 2020 rule affects the delivery point, transfer of transit risk,
Bilingual contract drafting in China requires more than translating an English agreement into Chinese. For U.S. and European companies, a usable China contract should identify the controlling language, governing law, dispute forum, Chinese legal names, payment and acceptance mechanics, evidence
